Antioxidant Activity and Biochemical Modulation of Moringa oleifera-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles in Phenylhydrazine-Induced Anemia in Rats: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64229/pn2tck68Keywords:
Moringa oleifera, Antioxidant, Silver nanoparticles, Phenylhydrazine, AnaemiaAbstract
The study evaluated thein vitro and in vivo antioxidant properties and biochemical regulation of Moringa oleifera-synthesized silver nanoparticles (Mo-AgNPs) silver nanoparticles in anaemic rats. Method: Mo-AgNPs were biogenically synthesized and in vitro antioxidant properties against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide (NO) including total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was determined. Thirty male Wistar rats were induced with anemia using 40 mg/kg. b.wt of phenyl hydrazine and were randomly assigned into six groups (n=5): 1: normal control; 2 received 10 mg/kg of Mo-AgNPs exclusively;3 received 40 mg/kg of phenylhydrazine (PHZ) only; 4 received 40 mg/kg of PHZ with 100 mg/kg of ferrous sulfate; 5 and 6 received 40 mg/kg of PHZ with 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg of Mo-AgNPs, respectively. Result: The percentage inhibition of Mo-AgNPs against DPPH was not significant (p>0.05) compared with 15.63 µg/ml of ascorbic acid. Subsequently, the percentage inhibition of Mo-AgNPs on NO at various concentrations was significant (p<0.05) against the standard. The TAC of Mo-AgNPs exceeded 100 in ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE) at the minimal concentration of 15.63 µg/ml.Haemoglobin level decreased significantly (p<0.05) in group 3 against group1. Significant increased (p<0.05) in Hb level was recorded in groups 2, 4, 5 and 6 relative to group 3. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level increased (p<0.05) in group 3 compared to group 1. Groups 4, 5, and 6 exhibited a significant reduction (P<0.05) in MDA levels relative to group 3. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) were reduced (P<0.05) in groups 3 and 4 relative to group1. Total protein and high-density lipoprotein significantly decreased (P<0.05) in group 3 against group 1. Cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low-density lipoprotein, and albumin levels showed non-significant reductions (p>0.05) in groups 4, 5, and 6 relative to group 3.The antibacterial activity of Mo-AgNPs against the test organisms was confirmed. Conclusion: Mo-AgNPs show promise as potent antioxidants, particularly at lower concentrations, suggesting potential for oxidative and haematological recoveries.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Godwin Kingsley Okechukwu, Uhuo Emmanuel Nnaemeka, Ajah Obinna, Parker Joshua Elijah (Author)
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